$BCfDm$N$"$kDcAX=89g=;Bp$K4X$9$k8&5f!!(J-$BB?9& A Study on Low-Rise Apartment Housings with Courtyards -Towards Residential Areas with Porosity- 86159 $BCfHx!!=S9,(J A common tendency of collective housing units in the city is their failure
as compositional elements of the urban fabric. Thus, the importance of intermediary
spaces, such as courtyards, has been stressed. However, improvement strategies
that aim for safe and comfortable urban spaces in low-rise residential areas
have lacked a clear spatial image. This paper focuses on the positive role of apartment courtyards in the
improvement of low-rise high-density residential areas, using case studies
to examine the relationship between street and courtyard. As a result, courtyards
semi-open to the public street were found to provide rich, varied living
spaces also incorporating the street; the composition of these spaces into
'residential areas with porosity' is proposed. 0.1 $B8&5f$NGX7J$HL\E*(J $B!!ET;T7?DcAX=89g=;Bp$O!"!V=;Bp$N=89g!W$r$D$/$k$N$G$O$J$/!"!V=89g$9$k=;Bp"*=8$^$C$F=;$`0U5A!W$r$D$/$k$3$H$KB>$J$i$J$$!#$=$N $B!!DcAX=;Bp;T39CO$K$*$$$F!"Ln_7J8)F$O396hC10L$G$N7ABV5,@)$K$h$k6uCO$N3NJ]$K$h$C$F=;4D6-$r@0Hw$7!"CfDm$NAO=P$K$h$j9bL)5o=;4D6-$rC4J]$G$-$k$H$7$?!#$^$?!"7,EDJ8)C$O!"8DJL99?7$rA0Ds$H$7$FF|>H$H$$$&=;4D6-$N4p=`$rMQ$$$F!"=;4D6-$r@0Hw$9$k$3$H$rDs0F$7$?!#$3$l$i$N8&5f$O396h$rC10L$H$7!"=;4D6-$rC4J]$9$k6u4V$r396hFb$G2r7h$7$h$&$H$9$k$b$N$G$"$j!"39O)$H$N4X78@-$r9MN8$9$k$b$N$G$O$J$$!#(J $B!!K\8&5f$O!"CfDm$H$$$&6uCO$,=;4D6-$N7A@.$K=EMW$G$"$k$H$$$&N)5SE@$K$?$C$?>e$G!"39O)$HI_CO$H$N4X78@-$K 0.2 $B8&5f$NE83+(J $B"#B?9& 1. $B=;Bp;T39CO@0Hw$K8+$k%7!<%:(J 1.1 $B=;Bp;T39CO$NLdBjE@(J $B!&=;Bp;T39CO$OLdBjE@$H$7$F!")!69>.$JI_CO5,LO!&=;Bp5,LO!")"4pHWL$@0Hw!"$=$l$i$KH<$&)#:R32$KBP$9$k@H 1.2 $B=;Bp;T39CO@0Hw$NE83+(J $B!&KI:R@-$r9b$a$k$3$H$, $B"ME@E*@0Hw$N!V@Q$_=E$M!W $B!&%O!<%ILL$N@0Hw$H$7$F$O!"4pHW@0Hw(J(=$BF;O)3HI}!&8x1`@0Hw(J)$B$H>eJ*@0Hw(J(=$B6&F12=$dDBB_=;Bp7z@_;Y1g!"8x6&=;Bp7z@_(J)$B$KJ,$1$i$l$k!#$=$l$i$N%j%s%/$,$"$^$j$&$^$/$$$+$J$$$?$a!"%3%_%e%K%F%#$N7A@.$,$G$-$J$$!#6&M-NN0hAO=P$N4QE@$+$i$N@0Hw$O9T$o$l$F$$$J$$!#(J $B"M8x!&6&!&;d$N%P%i%s%9$N$H$l$?L@3N$J;T39COA|$,I,MW!#(J 1.3 $B=;Bp;T39CO@0Hw$N:#F|E*BP1~(J $B!&6h2h@0M}Ey$N6/EY$N4pHW@0Hw$,9T$($J$$>l9g$NeHx;TCgD.0&EfCO6h$N$^$A$E$/$j!K!")"39JB$_M6F37?CO6h7W2h!JNc!'?@8M;TD9ED6hLnEDKLItCO6hCO6h7W2h!K)#396h9g0U$rA0Ds$H$7$?7ABV5,@)$K$h$kJ}K!$,$"$k!#(J $B!&FC$K396h$rC10L$H$7$?Ds0F$OB?$/$_$i$l!"0O$_7?$K$h$kCfDm$NAO=PJ8)F!"%5%]!<%H!&%$%s%U%#%kJ,N%7?=89g=;Bp$K$h$kA2?JE*396h99?7$J$I$NDs0FJ8)B$J$I$,9T$o$l$F$$$k!#(J $B!&$7$+$7!"396h$N9g0U$rA0Ds$H$7$?@0Hw$K$O!"9g0U7A@.$NFq$7$5$J$I $B"M$=$3$G!"9g0U7A@.$N?t$,>/$J$/!"396h$h$j>.$5$J$^$H$^$j$G!"$h$j$h$$=;4D6-$rAO=P$9$kI,MW@-$,$"$k!#M-8z6uCO$rAO=P$G$-$kDxEY$N>.5,LOI_CO$G$N99?7$H$=$NO"C4$K$h$k=;6u4V7A@.$KL\$r8~$1$k$Y$-$G$"$k!#(J 2. $BET;T7?=89g=;Bp$NCfDm$K8+$k%7!<%:(J 2.1 $BET;T7?=89g=;Bp$H$$$&8@MU$H$=$N8=>u(J $B!&9Y30!JCDCO!K$N=89g=;Bp"NET;T7?=89g=;Bp(J $B!&ET;T7?=89g=;Bp$N%$%a!<%8$O3NN)$7$F$$$J$$(J $B!&=8=;$N86M}$N7gG!!"C1$J$k=;Bp$N@QAX(J $B!&7P:QM%@h$N86M}$K$h$j!"2h0l@-$H!V(JnLDK$B!W(J $B!&$=$l8N!"39O)!J8x6&6u4V!K$KBP$7$FJD:?E*(J 2.2 $B=8=;$N86M}$N7gG!(J $B!&=;8M=89g$H$7$F$N=8=;7A<0$H39$N9=@.C10L$H$7$F$N=8=;7A<0$H$$$&Fs=E$N9M$(J}$,$"$k!#(J $B!&=8@Q$N05NO$H$N4V$N4K>WAuCV$r7g$$$F$$$k$?$a!"=;8M$O8D$H$7$F$NFHN)@-$bJ]$A$($J$$!#(J $B!&8x6&$NNN0h$H=;8M$N4V$K!"G^2pNN0h$K$h$k0\9T6u4V$r;}$D$3$H$K$h$C$F0BDj$7$?$b$N$K$J$k!#(J $B!&ET;T6u4V!J39O)!K$N%"%/%F%#%S%F%#$,8:>/$7!"CG@d$N4m5!$KIN$9$kCf$G!"ET;T$H=89g=;Bp$N4X$o$j$r;}$D$N$OFq$7$/$J$C$F$-$F$$$k!#(J 2.3 $BCfDm$NLr3d$NJQA+(J $B!&DcAX=89g=;Bp$K$*$$$F!":GBg8B$N6u4VMxMQ$r?^$j$J$,$iG^2pNN0h$r $B!&=;8M(J-$B8<4X(J-$B%]!<%A(J-$BCfDm(J-$B%2!<%H(J-$B39O)$H$$$C$?NN0h$NCJ3,9=@.!"CfDm$H20Fb6u4V!&@lMQDm$H$N4X78$r$&$^$/2r$$$?$b$N$,!"7zC[7W2hE*$K40@.EY$N9b$$DcAX=89g=;Bp!#Nc!'%t%#%i!&%;%l!<%J!J(J1971$BG/!":dAR7zC[8&5f=j!K(J $B!&39O)$N%"%/%F%#%S%F%#?jB`(J=$BFbE*Ca=x$N=E;k!&JD$8$?@83h4D6-"*9b5i2=!&CfDm$NJD:?2=!#Nc!'%"%H%j%&%`!J(J1985$BG/!"Aa@nK.I'7zC[8&5f<
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